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发信人: Kunk (汪洋中的一条船), 信区: AdvancedEdu
标  题: NSF Report:More Foreign-Born S&E Doctoral Stay
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Mon Jan  4 17:18:49 1999)

News - December 1, 1998

NSF PR 98-81 Media contact: Joel Blumenthal (703) 306-1070 jblument@nsf.gov
Program contact: Jean M. Johnson (703) 306-1777 jmjohnso@nsf.gov

More Foreign-Born S&E Doctoral Recipients Stay, Because the United States Is
"Where the Jobs Are"

Foreign-born students who earn science and engineering (S&E) doctoral degrees
from U. S. academic institutions are staying here in greater numbers, according
to a new special report by the National Science Foundation (NSF)'s Division of
Science Resources Studies (SRS).

The report, Statistical Profiles of Foreign Doctoral Recipients in Science and
Engineering: Plans to Stay in the United States, says 63 percent of foreign-born
students who earned S&E doctorates from U.S. institutions between 1988 and 1996
said they planned to locate here, compared to 50 percent or less of those
previously studied. Two-thirds of those who planned to stay had firm plans for
further study or employment.

Study author Jean Johnson said the number of U.S. science and engineering
doctoral degrees earned by natives of Asia, Europe and North America grew from
about 3,300 in 1988 to 8,000 in 1996 - for a total of more than 55,000 during
that period.

The number and percentage of U.S. science and engineering doctoral degree
recipients from Asia, Europe and North America with plans to stay in the United
States increased from 1,700 (51 percent of all recipients) in 1988 to 5,800 (73
percent) in 1996. For the entire period, 63 percent said they planned to stay.

Johnson attributed the increase to the strength of the U.S. economy and its
"capacity to absorb 39 percent of the foreign-born students in its S&E
workforce. Foreign-born recipients of S&E doctoral degrees from U.S.
institutions are staying here because the United States is where the jobs are,"
she said.

Most firm offers to foreign-born doctorate holding S&E professionals were for
postdoctoral assignments, followed by offers from industry and educational
institutions. In industry, the largest numbers of job offers were in
engineering, followed by physical sciences and computer sciences. Educational
institutions offered the most jobs to students with degrees in psychology and
social sciences, followed by engineering and mathematics.

Asian students by far represented the highest percentage of S&E doctoral degree
recipients (43,171 of 55,444) and of recipients planning to stay here (28,280 of
34,917). Overall, 65.5 percent of Asians who received S&E doctoral degrees said
they planned to stay in the U.S., compared with 55.9 percent (4,898 of 8,760) of
European recipients and 49.5 percent (1,739 of 3,513) of those born in other
North American countries.

The number of native Chinese S&E doctoral recipients remaining in the U.S. has
stayed high since the Chinese Student Protection Act gave permanent resident
status to those studying in U.S. institutions in 1992, said Johnson. She noted
that China's educational and research and development systems are recruiting
about 600 new science and engineering Ph.D.s over the next few years - while
2,000 Chinese natives are earning Ph.D.s in the U.S. each year in these fields.

The percentage of doctoral recipients from Korea and Taiwan who planned to stay
in the U.S. was only about half that of those from China and India. Johnson said
that was because the economic growth in South Korea and Taiwan between 1988 and
1996 enabled those nations to absorb more U.S.-trained doctoral scientists and
engineers.

"Whether this trend continues following the Asian economic crisis of 1998
should be monitored," Johnson said, "as should the stay rate of all foreign
doctoral recipients. It has implications for the U.S. economy and the
concentration of scientists and engineers in the United States as well as on the
economies of their native countries."

                                    -NSF-

For the full Special Report see: http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/nsf99304/start.htm

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