BBS水木清华站∶精华区

发信人: z6556 (小星), 信区: AdvancedEdu
标  题: 移民职业描述（3）-计算机工程师
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Sun Sep 13 07:41:11 1998) WWW-POST

Computer Engineers (2147)
Labour Market Summary
Employment Trends/Outlook
The presence of the National Research Council, the Communications Research
Centre, and the Ottawa-Carleton Research Institute (OCRI) has contributed to
the Ottawa area being a centre for research and development in the computer
and telecommunication industries. In addition the presence of the federal
government, the military and many major corporations such as Corel, Nortel
and Mitel has attracted software companies to the National Capital Region.
These factors have contributed to the development of a thriving software
sector.

The 1991 census showed a workforce of 1395 (employed and unemployed) in this
occupation. Considering reports of expansions within existing companies such
as Mitel, Northern Telecommunications, and Corel, and the opening of computer
software companies new to our area, we expect the number to be much higher at
the present time.

Employment growth in this occupation was among the highest in Ottawa during
the last decade. Demand in the Ottawa area has been high for many years and
will remain so for the near future. In addition to advertisements in the
newspapers, many of the companies involved in software development, and the
development of telecommunication and computer hardware advertise positions on
their web sites.

The demand for qualified computer engineers is so severe that it is feared
that further development of the regional software and telecommunications
industries is being inhibited.

Candidates with experience using more than one object oriented programming
language, and with the abilities to effectively communicate their ideas in a
written report, and work well in a team are in short supply.

Demand throughout Canada has been so high in some specialized software skills
that a new pilot program has been initiated with Citizenship and Immigration
Canada. The purpose of the program is to speed the process for the issue of
work permits to people from other countries who have two to five years
experience in those skills. The skills concerned are telecommunications,
multimedia, management information, consulting, product development and
"imbedded" software expertise.

A review of advertisements in Ottawa shows these skills are all in high
demand in this area as well.
Wage Ranges
Low High
Regular $44,000.00 $88,000.00 Annually
Terms and Conditions
According to Ontario Job Futures 1997 computer engineers usually work in an
office.

Ontario Job Futures 1997 indicates that the occupation is full-time and year
round. In Ontario, only 2% of computer engineers work part-time. Overtime may
be required to meet deadlines on a project.

In Ontario about 95% of people in this occupation are employees. Self
employment is not common.

Indicators
Shortage of skilled or qualified labour
Duties and Requirements
Main Duties
Plan, design and coordinate the development of computers and related
equipment
Supervise and inspect the installation, modification and testing of computers
and related equipment
Supervise drafters, technicians, technologists and other engineers.
Analyze the requirements for the application of computer technology in
real-time environments for process or machine control, instrumentation,
robotics, telecommunications, environmental monitoring, remote sensing,
medical and related engineering, scientific and industrial applications
Design and develop or co-ordinate the development, testing and implementation
of computer languages and computer software packages
Supervise the work of programmers, technologists and technicians and other
engineering and scientific personnel.
Employment Requirements
Computer hardware engineers require a bachelor's degree in computer
engineering, electrical or electronics engineering or engineering physics.
Software engineers require a bachelor's degree in computer engineering,
electrical or electronics engineering, engineering physics, computer science,
physics or mathematics.
Registration as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.) by a provincial or
territorial association of professional engineers is sometimes required for
employment and to practice as a computer engineer.
In Quebec, membership in the professional corporation for engineers is
mandatory.
Supervisory and senior positions in this unit group require experience.
For the Ottawa Metro Area
In Ottawa the most frequently requested degrees are computer engineering,
electrical engineering and electronic engineering.

In Ontario engineers are regulated by the Professional Engineers Act, 1984,
S.O. 1984, c. 13 and the Association of Professional Engineers of Ontario
(APEO). Since July 1, 1996, all candidates for a licence must have 36 months
of postgraduate experience. For applications received after July 1, 1998, 48
months of experience will be required.
All applicants, except those who have been registered for 5 years or more in
another province, must write the Professional Practice Examination (PPE).

The following areas require excellent skills: interpersonal, analytical,
teamwork, and oral and written communication. Problem solving and decision
making skills are stressed as being very important by almost all employers
included in our survey.

A knowledge of leading edge technologies is required across all these
industries. One software consultant noted that he was trying to find an
individual with experience using a system that had only been released in a
beta (pre-release) version.

Some examples of skills and competencies software engineers may be asked to
have are solid real-time software development in a multi-processing
environment, distributed client/server design experience TCP/IP, ISDN, SNMP
and X.25 PROTOCOLS, C, C++, Pascal, Smalltalk programming languages,
knowledge in either JavaScript, or VB experience using a structured software
development methodology, DSP based software design, OS/2 WARP, SUN/UNIX,
Windows NT system development, X-windows, Motif, UIM/X, HMI/GUI, Oracle, HP
Openview, call processing, wireless technologies, experience in architectural
design of telecom/computing systems, experience developing applications for a
GUI environment such as Microsoft Windows or Apple Macintosh, MS SQL Server
administration and development, digital switching systems, voice processing,
knowledge of telephony and network management & security.

Some examples of skills and competencies hardware engineers may be asked to
have are ASIC design, standards and protocols, systems engineering,
regulatory approvals, analog and digital design, radio design, physical and
industrial design test engineering, ATM and packet technologies, microwave
radio systems, high speed circuit design, programmable logic array design and
simulation (PLA), fiber optic systems, antenna and propagation engineering,
CAD systems experience, i.e., Mentor, Verilog, HDL simulation and modeling,
programming experience in C/C++ and shell scripts.
Basic Information
Nature of Work
Computer Engineers research, plan, design, develop and test computers and
related equipment, and design and develop software for engineering and
industrial applications. Computer hardware engineers are employed by computer
manufacturers, by a range of industries and by government, educational and
research institutions. Software engineers are employed by companies which
manufacture and market software products; by companies which devise embedded
software for inclusion in other products, such as computers, telecommunication
s equipment and networks, aerospace products and instrumentation and control
products; by consulting companies providing software-related information
technology services; and by government, educational and research
institutions.
For the Ottawa Metro Area
The presence of over 700 high-technology related companies in the National
Capital Region has led to this area being known as Silicon Valley North. The
largest industries in the high-technology sector are software and
telecommunications. The region has become a major centre for research and
development especially in these fields. Both these industries rely on
computer engineers.

Computer software engineers in the Ottawa area develop software in such
diverse areas as network programming and related tools, multimedia products,
corporate products, database applications and other specialties.

Some examples of products being developed in the National Capital area that
require computer hardware engineers for their design and testing are
computer-telephony integration products, memory chips, semiconductor products
and PC hardware.
Example Titles
· Computer hardware engineer
· Computer software engineer
· Software engineer
· Hardware engineer
· Computer applications engineer
· Systems design engineer
· Computer systems engineer
· Computer engineer
· Systems engineer
Related Occupations
Computer Programmers (2163)
Computer Systems Analysts (2162)

Electrical and Electronics Engineers (2133)
Engineering Managers (0211)
Technical Sales Specialists, Wholesale Trade (6221)

Professional Associations
Association of Consulting Engineers of Canada
Association of Professional Computer Consultants - Canada
Association of Professional Engineers of Ontario
Canadian Academy of Engineering
Canadian Advanced Technology Association
Canadian Council of Professional Engineers
Canadian Society for Engineering Management
Consulting Engineers of Ontario
Information Technology Association of Canada
The Canadian Information Processing Society

Employment Levels

Labour Force
For the Census Region : Ontario (Source - 1991 Census)
Employed 5410
Experienced 5595
For the Census Region : Ottawa mgmt Area (Source - 1991 Census)
Employed 1370
Experienced 1445
Employment by Age & Sex
For the Census Region : Ontario

Male Female Total
15 - 24 Years of age 280 60 335
25 - 44 Years of age 3780 570 4345
45 - 64 Years of age 655 55 705
65 Years of age and over 10 0 15
Total 4730 685 5410
Avg. Employment Income 48797 44231 48291

For the Census Region : Ottawa mgmt Area

Male Female Total
15 - 24 Years of age 105 15 125
25 - 44 Years of age 975 130 1110
45 - 64 Years of age 135 0 135
65 Years of age and over 0 0 0
Total 1215 155 1370
Avg. Employment Income 49127 44002 48665
Employment by Industry
For Ontario

Computer and related services (772) 31.7%
Architectural, eng, other scientific&tech srvcs (775) 11.8%
Office, store and business machine industries (336) 9.7%
Comm. and other electronic equipment inds (335) 6.0%
Telecommunication carriers industry (482) 4.1%
Elctrcl, electr. machinery, eqpmnt&sppls, whlsl (574) 3.8%
Other federal government service industries (812-817) 3.3%
Deposit accepting intermediary industries (701-709) 2.4%
Electric power systems industry (491) 2.2%
Scientific and professional equipment inds (391) 1.4%
Defence services (811) 1.2%
Aircraft and aircraft parts industry (321) 1.1%
Metal and metal products, wholesale (561) 1.0%

--
※ 来源:·BBS 水木清华站 bbs.net.tsinghua.edu.cn·[FROM: 202.94.2.74]