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发信人: z6556 (小星), 信区: AdvancedEdu
标  题: 加拿大移民职业描述（8）-机械工程师
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Fri Sep 18 06:49:42 1998)

Mechanical Engineers (2132)
Labour Market Summary
Employment Trends/Outlook
Revised July 1997

The 1991 Census shows a labour force (employed and unemployed) of 815 people in this occupation in the Ottawa Census Metropolitan Area.

In Ottawa, mechanical engineers are employed by the federal government in departments such as Public Works, Transport and National Defence. They also work for federal agencies such as the National Research Council. The Regional Municipality of
Ottawa-Carleton, engineering firms, and manufacturing companies also employ mechanical engineers.

Companies that are involved in construction projects indicated that demand in this occupation in the Ottawa area is low due to the low number of construction projects.

Companies that employ mechanical engineers for manufacturing, military and other projects not related to construction reported that their workforce was stable and they do not anticipate hiring in this occupation.
Wage Ranges
        Low     High
Regular $32,000.00      $90,000.00      Annually
Terms and Conditions
Revised July 1997

Mechanical engineers usually work days, Monday to Friday but overtime may be required to meet deadlines on a project or in emergencies.

Mechanical engineers perform some of their duties in an office but also work on the plant floor, where they are close to machinery and equipment.

Ontario Job Futures 1997 indicates that 97% of mechanical engineers in Ontario work full-time.

Ontario Job Futures also shows that about 8% of mechanical engineers in Ontario are self-employed.

Wages
Salaries for this occupation at the companies we surveyed ranged from $32,000 at a graduate entry level to $90,000 at a senior or very expert level.
Indicators
Occupation without recruiting difficulty
Employment Potential
For the Ottawa Metro Area : Stable

Duties and Requirements

Main Duties
Conduct research into the feasibility, design, operation and performance of mechanisms, components and systems
Prepare material, cost and timing estimates, reports and design specifications for machinery and systems
Design power plants, machines, components, tools, fixtures and equipment
Supervise and inspect the installation, modification and commissioning of mechanical systems at construction sites or in industrial facilities
Develop maintenance standards, schedules and programs and provide guidance to industrial maintenance crews
Investigate mechanical failures or unexpected maintenance problems
Prepare contract documents and evaluate tenders for industrial construction or maintenance
Supervise technicians, technologists and other engineers and review and approve designs, calculations and cost estimates.
Employment Requirements
A bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering or in an appropriate related engineering discipline is required.
Registration as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.) by a provincial or territorial association of professional engineers is often required for employment and to practice as a mechanical engineer.
Engineers are eligible for registration following graduation from an accredited educational program and after at least two years of supervised work experience in engineering and, in some provinces, after passing a professional practice examination.
In some provinces, those who are not graduates of an accredited educational program are eligible for registration after completing a six to eight-year term of supervised employment and successfully passing examinations.
In Quebec, membership in the professional corporation for engineers is mandatory.
Supervisory and senior positions in this unit group require experience.
For the Ottawa Metro Area
Revised July 1997

A bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering or in an appropriate related engineering discipline is required. A frequently requested alternative is industrial engineering. Electrical or electromechanical engineering are also common alternates.

In Ontario engineers are regulated by the Professional Engineers Act, 1984, S.O. 1984, c. 13 and the Association of Professional Engineers of Ontario (APEO). At present all candidates for a licence must have 36 months of postgraduate experience. For
applications received after July 1, 1998, 48 months of experience will be required.
All applicants, except those who have been registered for 5 years or more in another province, must write the Professional Practice Examination (PPE). The PPE can be written twice yearly with four retries allowed. Pass rates are high.

Advertised vacancies usually require 3 to 5 years of experience.

The ability to work in both English and French is required for some jobs but the majority of employers surveyed said it is not usually an issue.

In addition to finding employers who would accept related degrees for mechanical engineering jobs, we found that many employers hire individuals with a strong mechanical engineering background to work in civil, electrical, and other related engineering
fields including management. In certain situations the mechanical engineering background is coincidental but for some positions it is a requirement.

Basic Information

Nature of Work
Mechanical Engineers research, design and develop machinery and systems for heating, ventilating and air-conditioning, power generation, transportation, processing and manufacturing. They also perform duties related to the evaluation, installation,
operation and maintenance of mechanical systems. Mechanical Engineers are employed by consulting firms, power generating utilities, and in a wide range of manufacturing, processing and transportation industries, or they may be self-employed.
For the Ottawa Metro Area
Revised July 1997

In Ottawa our survey found mechanical engineers who design and develop machinery and systems for military defense purposes, heating, ventilating and air-conditioning, power distribution, transportation, processing and manufacturing.
Example Titles
· Acoustics engineer
· Design engineer, mechanical
· Energy conservation engineer
· Engineer, power generation
· Fluid mechanics engineer
· Heating engineer
· HVAC engineer
· Mechanical maintenance engineer
· Piping engineer
· Thermal design engineer
· Nuclear engineer
· Tool engineer
· Mechanical engineer
· Automotive engineer
· Refrigeration engineer
Related Occupations
Marine engineering officers (in 2274 Engineer Officers, Water Transport)
Power engineers or stationary engineers (in 7351 Stationary Engineers and Auxiliary Equipment Operators)

Training and Associations

Professional Associations
Association of Consulting Engineers of Canada
Canadian Academy of Engineering
Canadian Council of Professional Engineers
Canadian Society for Engineering Management
Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering
Consulting Engineers of Ontario
Professional Engineers of Ontario



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