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发信人: z6556 (小星), 信区: AdvancedEdu
标  题: 加拿大移民职业描述（16）-城市规划与土地利用
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Wed Sep 23 05:47:51 1998) WWW-POST

Landscape Architects (2152)

Labour Market Summary

Employment Trends/Outlook
Landscape Architects are employed by architectural and engineering firms,
landscape consulting firms, landscape contractors and by government
environmental and development agencies, or they may be self-employed.

Two employers indicated having difficulty finding qualified Landscape
Architects with several years of experience. Other than this, those surveyed
have no problems finding staff and have many unsolicited resumes on file. The
Association reports having an over supply of qualified individuals at this
time but that work was picking up. Architects will require more computer
knowledge as technology changes work procedures. Generally employment is
stable year round, however there are slight upswings during the period of
Spring to Fall with slight downturns in the summer vacation period.

Terms and Conditions
Unsolicited resum閟, word of mouth and advertisements in the Association
newsletter are prime hiring methods.

Landscape Architects work from 37.5 to 40 hours per week. Overtime may on
occasion be
required to meet specific deadlines.

Employers surveyed reported the following wage structure;
Designer/Associate - $16,640 - $35,000 per year
Landscape Architect - $24,900 - $65,000 per year

The Association reports that a 1989 report of earnings reveals;
New Landscape Architects - $24,000 - $30,000 per year
Architects with 3-4yrs experience - $30,000 - $35,000 per year
Architects with 5 yrs or more - $35.000 - $68,000 per year
Architects in Management - $68,000 - $80,000 per year

Indicators
Occupation without recruiting difficulty
Employment Potential
For the Ottawa Metro Area : Stable

Duties and Requirements

Main Duties
Confer with clients to determine design needs
Survey and assess designated sites and develop designs taking into
consideration landscape features, buildings, climate, future usage and other
aspects
Prepare or oversee the preparation of detailed drawings for sites, including
features such as trees, shrubs, gardens, lighting, walkways, patios, decks,
benches, fences, retaining walls and fountains
Prepare or oversee preparation of site plans, reports, sketches, models,
photographs, maps, land use studies and design plans
Estimate costs, prepare specifications and evaluate tenders for landscape
construction projects
Conduct environmental design studies, including environmental assessment,
planning and the preservation and re-creation of historical sites
May manage and supervise landscape construction work.
Employment Requirements
A bachelor's degree in landscape architecture is required.
A master's degree in landscape architecture may be required.
In Ontario and British Columbia, landscape architects require some landscape
design experience and the successful completion of a provincial registration
exam.
In the remaining provinces and territories, landscape architects require some
landscape design experience and an interview by their respective provincial
associations to receive association certification.
For the Ottawa Metro Area
Revised June, 1993
The title "Landscape Architect" is protected by legislation under the Name
Protection Act; users must be graduates of a Landscape Architecture program
and have worked for a period of three years as associates, interns or
designers under the direction of a Landscape Architect. After completion of
the internship, individuals can apply to write the provincial examination
given by Ontario Association of Landscape Architects.

In Ontario the examinations are in Toronto or Ottawa. Upon successful
completion, individuals can apply for membership to the Ontario Association
of Landscape Architects in Toronto. Membership provides a certificate and a
professional stamp to be used on drawings, identifying professional status.
Leaving the Association requires return of the stamp and certificate and the
title Landscape Architect cannot be used. Re-examination is required to
re-enter the Association.

Eight employers were surveyed employing a total of 19 Landscape Architects
and 16 associates or interns. All reported the minimum hiring requirement was
a bachelor's degree in landscape architecture. The main language of work is
English but bilingualism is considered to be a very useful.

Basic Information

Nature of Work
Landscape Architects conceptualize landscape designs, develop contract
documents and oversee the construction of landscape development for
commercial projects, office complexes, parks, golf courses and residential
development. They are employed by architectural and engineering firms,
landscape consulting firms, landscape contractors, and by government
environmental and development agencies, or they may be self-employed.
Example Titles
· Architect, landscape
· Landscape architect
Related Occupations
Architects (2151)
Landscape and Horticulture Technicians and Specialists (2225)
Urban and Land Use Planners (2153)
Landscape architecture managers (in 0212 Architecture and Science Managers)
Landscape design contractors (in 8255 Landscaping and Grounds Maintenance
Contractors and Managers)

Training and Associations

Professional Associations
Ontario Association of Landscape Architects

Employment Levels

Labour Force
For the Census Region : Ontario (Source - 1991 Census)
Employed 550
Experienced 580
For the Census Region : Ottawa mgmt Area (Source - 1991 Census)
Employed 45
Experienced 40
Employment by Age & Sex
For the Census Region : Ontario

Male Female Total
15 - 24 Years of age 10 10 10
25 - 44 Years of age 295 130 425
45 - 64 Years of age 80 15 105
65 Years of age and over 0 0 0
Total 390 155 545
Avg. Employment Income 55111 38297 50688

For the Census Region : Ottawa mgmt Area

Male Female Total
15 - 24 Years of age 0 0 0
25 - 44 Years of age 20 15 40
45 - 64 Years of age 10 0 10
65 Years of age and over 0 0 0
Total 25 20 40
Avg. Employment Income 55071 32500 49002
Employment by Industry
For Ontario

Architectural, eng, other scientific&tech srvcs (775) 43.1%
Site work (421) 30.2%
Local government service industries (832-837) 9.1%
Other federal government service industries (812-817) 3.6%
Prov. and territorial government service inds (822-827) 2.7%
Exterior close-in work (423) 1.8%
Electric power systems industry (491) 1.8%
Operators of buildings and dwellings (751) 1.8%
Advertising services (774) 1.8%
Other business services (779) 1.8%
Other services, nec (999) 1.8%

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